Relocation.h

Go to the documentation of this file.

#pragma once
 
#define REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE_HELPER_IMPL(a_nopropQual, a_propQual, ...)              \
    template <                                                                                    \
        class R,                                                                                  \
        class Cls,                                                                                \
        class... Args>                                                                            \
    struct member_function_pod_type<R (Cls::*)(Args...) __VA_ARGS__ a_nopropQual a_propQual>      \
    {                                                                                             \
        using type = R(__VA_ARGS__ Cls*, Args...) a_propQual;                                     \
    };                                                                                            \
                                                                                                  \
    template <                                                                                    \
        class R,                                                                                  \
        class Cls,                                                                                \
        class... Args>                                                                            \
    struct member_function_pod_type<R (Cls::*)(Args..., ...) __VA_ARGS__ a_nopropQual a_propQual> \
    {                                                                                             \
        using type = R(__VA_ARGS__ Cls*, Args..., ...) a_propQual;                                \
    };
 
#define REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE_HELPER(a_qualifer, ...)              \
    REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE_HELPER_IMPL(a_qualifer, , ##__VA_ARGS__) \
    REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE_HELPER_IMPL(a_qualifer, noexcept, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 
#define REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE(...)                 \
    REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE_HELPER(, __VA_ARGS__)    \
    REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE_HELPER(&, ##__VA_ARGS__) \
    REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE_HELPER(&&, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 
#define REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE_HELPER_IMPL(a_nopropQual, a_propQual, ...)              \
    template <                                                                                        \
        class R,                                                                                      \
        class Cls,                                                                                    \
        class... Args>                                                                                \
    struct member_function_non_pod_type<R (Cls::*)(Args...) __VA_ARGS__ a_nopropQual a_propQual>      \
    {                                                                                                 \
        using type = R&(__VA_ARGS__ Cls*, void*, Args...)a_propQual;                                  \
    };                                                                                                \
                                                                                                      \
    template <                                                                                        \
        class R,                                                                                      \
        class Cls,                                                                                    \
        class... Args>                                                                                \
    struct member_function_non_pod_type<R (Cls::*)(Args..., ...) __VA_ARGS__ a_nopropQual a_propQual> \
    {                                                                                                 \
        using type = R&(__VA_ARGS__ Cls*, void*, Args..., ...)a_propQual;                             \
    };
 
#define REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE_HELPER(a_qualifer, ...)              \
    REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE_HELPER_IMPL(a_qualifer, , ##__VA_ARGS__) \
    REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE_HELPER_IMPL(a_qualifer, noexcept, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 
#define REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE(...)                 \
    REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE_HELPER(, __VA_ARGS__)    \
    REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE_HELPER(&, ##__VA_ARGS__) \
    REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE_HELPER(&&, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 
namespace REL
{
    namespace detail
    {
        class memory_map
        {
        public:
            memory_map() noexcept = default;
            memory_map(const memory_map&) = delete;
 
            memory_map(memory_map&& a_rhs) noexcept :
                _mapping(a_rhs._mapping),
                _view(a_rhs._view)
            {
                a_rhs._mapping = nullptr;
                a_rhs._view = nullptr;
            }
 
            ~memory_map() { close(); }
 
            memory_map& operator=(const memory_map&) = delete;
 
            memory_map& operator=(memory_map&& a_rhs) noexcept
            {
                if (this != std::addressof(a_rhs)) {
                    _mapping = a_rhs._mapping;
                    a_rhs._mapping = nullptr;
 
                    _view = a_rhs._view;
                    a_rhs._view = nullptr;
                }
                return *this;
            }
 
            [[nodiscard]] void* data() noexcept { return _view; }
 
            bool open(stl::zwstring a_name, std::size_t a_size);
            bool create(stl::zwstring a_name, std::size_t a_size);
            void close();
 
        private:
            void* _mapping{ nullptr };
            void* _view{ nullptr };
        };
 
        template <class>
        struct member_function_pod_type;
 
        REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE();
        REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE(const);
        REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE(volatile);
        REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE(const volatile);
 
        template <class F>
        using member_function_pod_type_t = typename member_function_pod_type<F>::type;
 
        template <class>
        struct member_function_non_pod_type;
 
        REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE();
        REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE(const);
        REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE(volatile);
        REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE(const volatile);
 
        template <class F>
        using member_function_non_pod_type_t = typename member_function_non_pod_type<F>::type;
 
        // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/x64-calling-convention
 
        template <class T>
        struct meets_length_req :
            std::disjunction<
                std::bool_constant<sizeof(T) == 1>,
                std::bool_constant<sizeof(T) == 2>,
                std::bool_constant<sizeof(T) == 4>,
                std::bool_constant<sizeof(T) == 8>>
        {};
 
        template <class T>
        struct meets_function_req :
            std::conjunction<
                std::is_trivially_constructible<T>,
                std::is_trivially_destructible<T>,
                std::is_trivially_copy_assignable<T>,
                std::negation<
                    std::is_polymorphic<T>>>
        {};
 
        template <class T>
        struct meets_member_req :
            std::is_standard_layout<T>
        {};
 
        template <class T, class = void>
        struct is_x64_pod :
            std::true_type
        {};
 
        template <class T>
        struct is_x64_pod<
            T,
            std::enable_if_t<
                std::is_union_v<T>>> :
            std::false_type
        {};
 
        template <class T>
        struct is_x64_pod<
            T,
            std::enable_if_t<
                std::is_class_v<T>>> :
            std::conjunction<
                meets_length_req<T>,
                meets_function_req<T>,
                meets_member_req<T>>
        {};
 
        template <class T>
        inline constexpr bool is_x64_pod_v = is_x64_pod<T>::value;
 
        template <
            class F,
            class First,
            class... Rest>
        decltype(auto) invoke_member_function_non_pod(F&& a_func, First&& a_first, Rest&&... a_rest)  //
            noexcept(std::is_nothrow_invocable_v<F, First, Rest...>)
        {
            using result_t = std::invoke_result_t<F, First, Rest...>;
            std::aligned_storage_t<sizeof(result_t), alignof(result_t)> result;
 
            using func_t = member_function_non_pod_type_t<F>;
            auto func = stl::unrestricted_cast<func_t*>(std::forward<F>(a_func));
 
            return func(std::forward<First>(a_first), std::addressof(result), std::forward<Rest>(a_rest)...);
        }
    }
 
    inline constexpr std::uint8_t NOP = 0x90;
    inline constexpr std::uint8_t RET = 0xC3;
    inline constexpr std::uint8_t INT3 = 0xCC;
 
    template <class F, class... Args>
    std::invoke_result_t<F, Args...> invoke(F&& a_func, Args&&... a_args)  //
        noexcept(std::is_nothrow_invocable_v<F, Args...>)                  //
        requires(std::invocable<F, Args...>)
    {
        if constexpr (std::is_member_function_pointer_v<std::decay_t<F>>) {
            if constexpr (detail::is_x64_pod_v<std::invoke_result_t<F, Args...>>) {  // member functions == free functions in x64
                using func_t = detail::member_function_pod_type_t<std::decay_t<F>>;
                auto func = stl::unrestricted_cast<func_t*>(std::forward<F>(a_func));
                return func(std::forward<Args>(a_args)...);
            } else {  // shift args to insert result
                return detail::invoke_member_function_non_pod(std::forward<F>(a_func), std::forward<Args>(a_args)...);
            }
        } else {
            return std::forward<F>(a_func)(std::forward<Args>(a_args)...);
        }
    }
 
    inline void safe_write(std::uintptr_t a_dst, const void* a_src, std::size_t a_count)
    {
        std::uint32_t old{ 0 };
        auto          success =
            WinAPI::VirtualProtect(
                reinterpret_cast<void*>(a_dst),
                a_count,
                (WinAPI::PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE),
                std::addressof(old));
        if (success != 0) {
            std::memcpy(reinterpret_cast<void*>(a_dst), a_src, a_count);
            success =
                WinAPI::VirtualProtect(
                    reinterpret_cast<void*>(a_dst),
                    a_count,
                    old,
                    std::addressof(old));
        }
 
        assert(success != 0);
    }
 
    template <std::integral T>
    void safe_write(std::uintptr_t a_dst, const T& a_data)
    {
        safe_write(a_dst, std::addressof(a_data), sizeof(T));
    }
 
    template <class T>
    void safe_write(std::uintptr_t a_dst, std::span<T> a_data)
    {
        safe_write(a_dst, a_data.data(), a_data.size_bytes());
    }
 
    inline void safe_fill(std::uintptr_t a_dst, std::uint8_t a_value, std::size_t a_count)
    {
        std::uint32_t old{ 0 };
        auto          success =
            WinAPI::VirtualProtect(
                reinterpret_cast<void*>(a_dst),
                a_count,
                (WinAPI::PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE),
                std::addressof(old));
        if (success != 0) {
            std::fill_n(reinterpret_cast<std::uint8_t*>(a_dst), a_count, a_value);
            success =
                WinAPI::VirtualProtect(
                    reinterpret_cast<void*>(a_dst),
                    a_count,
                    old,
                    std::addressof(old));
        }
 
        assert(success != 0);
    }
 
    class Version
    {
    public:
        using value_type = std::uint16_t;
        using reference = value_type&;
        using const_reference = const value_type&;
 
        constexpr Version() noexcept = default;
 
        explicit constexpr Version(std::array<value_type, 4> a_version) noexcept :
            _impl(a_version)
        {}
 
        constexpr Version(value_type a_v1, value_type a_v2 = 0, value_type a_v3 = 0, value_type a_v4 = 0) noexcept :
            _impl{ a_v1, a_v2, a_v3, a_v4 }
        {}
 
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr reference       operator[](std::size_t a_idx) noexcept { return _impl[a_idx]; }
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr const_reference operator[](std::size_t a_idx) const noexcept { return _impl[a_idx]; }
 
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr decltype(auto) begin() const noexcept { return _impl.begin(); }
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr decltype(auto) cbegin() const noexcept { return _impl.cbegin(); }
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr decltype(auto) end() const noexcept { return _impl.end(); }
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr decltype(auto) cend() const noexcept { return _impl.cend(); }
 
        [[nodiscard]] std::strong_ordering constexpr compare(const Version& a_rhs) const noexcept
        {
            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < _impl.size(); ++i) {
                if ((*this)[i] != a_rhs[i]) {
                    return (*this)[i] < a_rhs[i] ? std::strong_ordering::less : std::strong_ordering::greater;
                }
            }
            return std::strong_ordering::equal;
        }
 
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr std::uint32_t pack() const noexcept
        {
            return static_cast<std::uint32_t>(
                (_impl[0] & 0x0FF) << 24u |
                (_impl[1] & 0x0FF) << 16u |
                (_impl[2] & 0xFFF) << 4u |
                (_impl[3] & 0x00F) << 0u);
        }
 
        [[nodiscard]] std::string string() const
        {
            std::string result;
            for (auto&& ver : _impl) {
                result += std::to_string(ver);
                result += '-';
            }
            result.pop_back();
            return result;
        }
 
        [[nodiscard]] std::wstring wstring() const
        {
            std::wstring result;
            for (auto&& ver : _impl) {
                result += std::to_wstring(ver);
                result += L'-';
            }
            result.pop_back();
            return result;
        }
 
    private:
        std::array<value_type, 4> _impl{ 0, 0, 0, 0 };
    };
 
    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool                 operator==(const Version& a_lhs, const Version& a_rhs) noexcept { return a_lhs.compare(a_rhs) == 0; }
    [[nodiscard]] constexpr std::strong_ordering operator<=>(const Version& a_lhs, const Version& a_rhs) noexcept { return a_lhs.compare(a_rhs); }
 
    [[nodiscard]] inline std::optional<Version> get_file_version(stl::zwstring a_filename)
    {
        std::uint32_t     dummy;
        std::vector<char> buf(WinAPI::GetFileVersionInfoSize(a_filename.data(), std::addressof(dummy)));
        if (buf.empty()) {
            return std::nullopt;
        }
 
        if (!WinAPI::GetFileVersionInfo(a_filename.data(), 0, static_cast<std::uint32_t>(buf.size()), buf.data())) {
            return std::nullopt;
        }
 
        void*         verBuf{ nullptr };
        std::uint32_t verLen{ 0 };
        if (!WinAPI::VerQueryValue(buf.data(), L"\\StringFileInfo\\040904B0\\ProductVersion", std::addressof(verBuf), std::addressof(verLen))) {
            return std::nullopt;
        }
 
        Version             version;
        std::wistringstream ss(
            std::wstring(static_cast<const wchar_t*>(verBuf), verLen));
        std::wstring token;
        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < 4 && std::getline(ss, token, L'.'); ++i) {
            version[i] = static_cast<std::uint16_t>(std::stoi(token));
        }
 
        return version;
    }
 
    class Segment
    {
    public:
        enum Name : std::size_t
        {
            textx,
            idata,
            rdata,
            data,
            pdata,
            tls,
            textw,
            gfids,
            total
        };
 
        Segment() noexcept = default;
 
        Segment(std::uintptr_t a_proxyBase, std::uintptr_t a_address, std::uintptr_t a_size) noexcept :
            _proxyBase(a_proxyBase),
            _address(a_address),
            _size(a_size)
        {}
 
        [[nodiscard]] std::uintptr_t address() const noexcept { return _address; }
        [[nodiscard]] std::size_t    offset() const noexcept { return address() - _proxyBase; }
        [[nodiscard]] std::size_t    size() const noexcept { return _size; }
 
        [[nodiscard]] void* pointer() const noexcept { return reinterpret_cast<void*>(address()); }
 
        template <class T>
        [[nodiscard]] T* pointer() const noexcept
        {
            return static_cast<T*>(pointer());
        }
 
    private:
        std::uintptr_t _proxyBase{ 0 };
        std::uintptr_t _address{ 0 };
        std::size_t    _size{ 0 };
    };
 
    class Module
    {
    public:
        [[nodiscard]] static Module& get()
        {
            static Module singleton;
            return singleton;
        }
 
        [[nodiscard]] std::uintptr_t base() const noexcept { return _base; }
        [[nodiscard]] stl::zwstring  filename() const noexcept { return _filename; }
        [[nodiscard]] Version        version() const noexcept { return _version; }
 
        [[nodiscard]] Segment segment(Segment::Name a_segment) const noexcept { return _segments[a_segment]; }
 
        [[nodiscard]] void* pointer() const noexcept { return reinterpret_cast<void*>(base()); }
 
        template <class T>
        [[nodiscard]] T* pointer() const noexcept
        {
            return static_cast<T*>(pointer());
        }
 
    private:
        Module()
        {
            const auto getFilename = [&]() {
                return WinAPI::GetEnvironmentVariable(
                    ENVIRONMENT.data(),
                    _filename.data(),
                    static_cast<std::uint32_t>(_filename.size()));
            };
 
            _filename.resize(getFilename());
            if (const auto result = getFilename();
                result != _filename.size() - 1 ||
                result == 0) {
                _filename = L"SkyrimSE.exe"sv;
            }
 
            load();
        }
 
        Module(const Module&) = delete;
        Module(Module&&) = delete;
 
        ~Module() noexcept = default;
 
        Module& operator=(const Module&) = delete;
        Module& operator=(Module&&) = delete;
 
        void load()
        {
            auto handle = WinAPI::GetModuleHandle(_filename.c_str());
            if (handle == nullptr) {
                stl::report_and_fail(
                    fmt::format(
                        "Failed to obtain module handle for: \"{0}\".\n"
                        "You have likely renamed the executable to something unexpected. "
                        "Renaming the executable back to \"{0}\" may resolve the issue."sv,
                        stl::utf16_to_utf8(_filename).value_or("<unicode conversion error>"s)));
            }
            _base = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(handle);
 
            load_version();
            load_segments();
        }
 
        void load_segments();
 
        void load_version()
        {
            const auto version = get_file_version(_filename);
            if (version) {
                _version = *version;
            } else {
                stl::report_and_fail(
                    fmt::format(
                        "Failed to obtain file version info for: {}\n"
                        "Please contact the author of this script extender plugin for further assistance."sv,
                        stl::utf16_to_utf8(_filename).value_or("<unicode conversion error>"s)));
            }
        }
 
        static constexpr std::array SEGMENTS{
            std::make_pair(".text"sv, WinAPI::IMAGE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE),
            std::make_pair(".idata"sv, static_cast<std::uint32_t>(0)),
            std::make_pair(".rdata"sv, static_cast<std::uint32_t>(0)),
            std::make_pair(".data"sv, static_cast<std::uint32_t>(0)),
            std::make_pair(".pdata"sv, static_cast<std::uint32_t>(0)),
            std::make_pair(".tls"sv, static_cast<std::uint32_t>(0)),
            std::make_pair(".text"sv, WinAPI::IMAGE_SCN_MEM_WRITE),
            std::make_pair(".gfids"sv, static_cast<std::uint32_t>(0))
        };
 
        static constexpr auto ENVIRONMENT = L"SKSE_RUNTIME"sv;
 
        std::wstring                        _filename;
        std::array<Segment, Segment::total> _segments;
        Version                             _version;
        std::uintptr_t                      _base{ 0 };
    };
 
    class IDDatabase
    {
    private:
        struct mapping_t
        {
            std::uint64_t id;
            std::uint64_t offset;
        };
 
    public:
        class Offset2ID
        {
        public:
            using value_type = mapping_t;
            using container_type = std::vector<value_type>;
            using size_type = typename container_type::size_type;
            using const_iterator = typename container_type::const_iterator;
            using const_reverse_iterator = typename container_type::const_reverse_iterator;
 
            template <class ExecutionPolicy>
            explicit Offset2ID(ExecutionPolicy&& a_policy)  //
                requires(std::is_execution_policy_v<std::decay_t<ExecutionPolicy>>)
            {
                const std::span<const mapping_t> id2offset = IDDatabase::get()._id2offset;
                _offset2id.reserve(id2offset.size());
                _offset2id.insert(_offset2id.begin(), id2offset.begin(), id2offset.end());
                std::sort(
                    a_policy,
                    _offset2id.begin(),
                    _offset2id.end(),
                    [](auto&& a_lhs, auto&& a_rhs) {
                        return a_lhs.offset < a_rhs.offset;
                    });
            }
 
            Offset2ID() :
                Offset2ID(std::execution::sequenced_policy{})
            {}
 
            [[nodiscard]] std::uint64_t operator()(std::size_t a_offset) const
            {
                const mapping_t elem{ 0, a_offset };
                const auto      it = std::lower_bound(
                    _offset2id.begin(),
                    _offset2id.end(),
                    elem,
                    [](auto&& a_lhs, auto&& a_rhs) {
                        return a_lhs.offset < a_rhs.offset;
                    });
                if (it == _offset2id.end()) {
                    stl::report_and_fail(
                        fmt::format(
                            "Failed to find the offset within the database: 0x{:08X}"sv,
                            a_offset));
                }
 
                return it->id;
            }
 
            [[nodiscard]] const_iterator begin() const noexcept { return _offset2id.begin(); }
            [[nodiscard]] const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept { return _offset2id.cbegin(); }
 
            [[nodiscard]] const_iterator end() const noexcept { return _offset2id.end(); }
            [[nodiscard]] const_iterator cend() const noexcept { return _offset2id.cend(); }
 
            [[nodiscard]] const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept { return _offset2id.rbegin(); }
            [[nodiscard]] const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept { return _offset2id.crbegin(); }
 
            [[nodiscard]] const_reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept { return _offset2id.rend(); }
            [[nodiscard]] const_reverse_iterator crend() const noexcept { return _offset2id.crend(); }
 
            [[nodiscard]] size_type size() const noexcept { return _offset2id.size(); }
 
        private:
            container_type _offset2id;
        };
 
        [[nodiscard]] static IDDatabase& get()
        {
            static IDDatabase singleton;
            return singleton;
        }
 
        [[nodiscard]] inline std::size_t id2offset(std::uint64_t a_id) const
        {
            mapping_t  elem{ a_id, 0 };
            const auto it = std::lower_bound(
                _id2offset.begin(),
                _id2offset.end(),
                elem,
                [](auto&& a_lhs, auto&& a_rhs) {
                    return a_lhs.id < a_rhs.id;
                });
            if (it == _id2offset.end()) {
                stl::report_and_fail(
                    fmt::format(
                        "Failed to find the id within the address library: {}\n"
                        "This means this script extender plugin is incompatible with the address "
                        "library for this version of the game, and thus does not support it."sv,
                        a_id));
            }
 
            return static_cast<std::size_t>(it->offset);
        }
 
    private:
        friend Offset2ID;
 
        class header_t
        {
        public:
            void read(binary_io::file_istream& a_in)
            {
                const auto [format] = a_in.read<std::int32_t>();
                if (format != 2) {
                    stl::report_and_fail(
                        fmt::format(
                            "Unsupported address library format: {}\n"
                            "This means this script extender plugin is incompatible with the address "
                            "library available for this version of the game, and thus does not "
                            "support it."sv,
                            format));
                }
 
                const auto [major, minor, patch, revision] =
                    a_in.read<std::int32_t, std::int32_t, std::int32_t, std::int32_t>();
                _version[0] = static_cast<std::uint16_t>(major);
                _version[1] = static_cast<std::uint16_t>(minor);
                _version[2] = static_cast<std::uint16_t>(patch);
                _version[3] = static_cast<std::uint16_t>(revision);
 
                const auto [nameLen] = a_in.read<std::int32_t>();
                a_in.seek_relative(nameLen);
 
                a_in.read(_pointerSize, _addressCount);
            }
 
            [[nodiscard]] std::size_t   address_count() const noexcept { return static_cast<std::size_t>(_addressCount); }
            [[nodiscard]] std::uint64_t pointer_size() const noexcept { return static_cast<std::uint64_t>(_pointerSize); }
            [[nodiscard]] Version       version() const noexcept { return _version; }
 
        private:
            Version      _version;
            std::int32_t _pointerSize{ 0 };
            std::int32_t _addressCount{ 0 };
        };
 
        IDDatabase() { load(); }
 
        IDDatabase(const IDDatabase&) = delete;
        IDDatabase(IDDatabase&&) = delete;
 
        ~IDDatabase() = default;
 
        IDDatabase& operator=(const IDDatabase&) = delete;
        IDDatabase& operator=(IDDatabase&&) = delete;
 
        void load()
        {
            const auto version = Module::get().version();
            const auto filename =
                stl::utf8_to_utf16(
                    fmt::format(
                        "Data/SKSE/Plugins/versionlib-{}.bin"sv,
                        version.string()))
                    .value_or(L"<unknown filename>"s);
            load_file(filename, version);
        }
 
        void load_file(stl::zwstring a_filename, Version a_version)
        {
            try {
                binary_io::file_istream in(a_filename);
                header_t                header;
                header.read(in);
                if (header.version() != a_version) {
                    stl::report_and_fail("version mismatch"sv);
                }
 
                auto mapname = L"CommonLibSSEOffsets-v2-"s;
                mapname += a_version.wstring();
                const auto byteSize = static_cast<std::size_t>(header.address_count()) * sizeof(mapping_t);
                if (_mmap.open(mapname, byteSize)) {
                    _id2offset = { static_cast<mapping_t*>(_mmap.data()), header.address_count() };
                } else if (_mmap.create(mapname, byteSize)) {
                    _id2offset = { static_cast<mapping_t*>(_mmap.data()), header.address_count() };
                    unpack_file(in, header);
                    std::sort(
                        _id2offset.begin(),
                        _id2offset.end(),
                        [](auto&& a_lhs, auto&& a_rhs) {
                            return a_lhs.id < a_rhs.id;
                        });
                } else {
                    stl::report_and_fail("failed to create shared mapping"sv);
                }
            } catch (const std::system_error&) {
                stl::report_and_fail(
                    fmt::format(
                        "Failed to locate an appropriate address library with the path: {}\n"
                        "This means you are missing the address library for this specific version of "
                        "the game. Please continue to the mod page for address library to download "
                        "an appropriate version. If one is not available, then it is likely that "
                        "address library has not yet added support for this version of the game."sv,
                        stl::utf16_to_utf8(a_filename).value_or("<unknown filename>"s)));
            }
        }
 
        void unpack_file(binary_io::file_istream& a_in, header_t a_header)
        {
            std::uint8_t  type = 0;
            std::uint64_t id = 0;
            std::uint64_t offset = 0;
            std::uint64_t prevID = 0;
            std::uint64_t prevOffset = 0;
            for (auto& mapping : _id2offset) {
                a_in.read(type);
                const auto lo = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(type & 0xF);
                const auto hi = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(type >> 4);
 
                switch (lo) {
                case 0:
                    a_in.read(id);
                    break;
                case 1:
                    id = prevID + 1;
                    break;
                case 2:
                    id = prevID + std::get<0>(a_in.read<std::uint8_t>());
                    break;
                case 3:
                    id = prevID - std::get<0>(a_in.read<std::uint8_t>());
                    break;
                case 4:
                    id = prevID + std::get<0>(a_in.read<std::uint16_t>());
                    break;
                case 5:
                    id = prevID - std::get<0>(a_in.read<std::uint16_t>());
                    break;
                case 6:
                    std::tie(id) = a_in.read<std::uint16_t>();
                    break;
                case 7:
                    std::tie(id) = a_in.read<std::uint32_t>();
                    break;
                default:
                    stl::report_and_fail("unhandled type"sv);
                }
 
                const std::uint64_t tmp = (hi & 8) != 0 ? (prevOffset / a_header.pointer_size()) : prevOffset;
 
                switch (hi & 7) {
                case 0:
                    a_in.read(offset);
                    break;
                case 1:
                    offset = tmp + 1;
                    break;
                case 2:
                    offset = tmp + std::get<0>(a_in.read<std::uint8_t>());
                    break;
                case 3:
                    offset = tmp - std::get<0>(a_in.read<std::uint8_t>());
                    break;
                case 4:
                    offset = tmp + std::get<0>(a_in.read<std::uint16_t>());
                    break;
                case 5:
                    offset = tmp - std::get<0>(a_in.read<std::uint16_t>());
                    break;
                case 6:
                    std::tie(offset) = a_in.read<std::uint16_t>();
                    break;
                case 7:
                    std::tie(offset) = a_in.read<std::uint32_t>();
                    break;
                default:
                    stl::report_and_fail("unhandled type"sv);
                }
 
                if ((hi & 8) != 0) {
                    offset *= a_header.pointer_size();
                }
 
                mapping = { id, offset };
 
                prevOffset = offset;
                prevID = id;
            }
        }
 
        detail::memory_map   _mmap;
        std::span<mapping_t> _id2offset;
    };
 
    class Offset
    {
    public:
        constexpr Offset() noexcept = default;
 
        explicit constexpr Offset(std::size_t a_offset) noexcept :
            _offset(a_offset)
        {}
 
        constexpr Offset& operator=(std::size_t a_offset) noexcept
        {
            _offset = a_offset;
            return *this;
        }
 
        [[nodiscard]] std::uintptr_t        address() const { return base() + offset(); }
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr std::size_t offset() const noexcept { return _offset; }
 
    private:
        [[nodiscard]] static std::uintptr_t base() { return Module::get().base(); }
 
        std::size_t _offset{ 0 };
    };
 
    class ID
    {
    public:
        constexpr ID() noexcept = default;
 
        explicit constexpr ID(std::uint64_t a_id) noexcept :
            _id(a_id)
        {}
 
        constexpr ID& operator=(std::uint64_t a_id) noexcept
        {
            _id = a_id;
            return *this;
        }
 
        [[nodiscard]] std::uintptr_t          address() const { return base() + offset(); }
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr std::uint64_t id() const noexcept { return _id; }
        [[nodiscard]] std::size_t             offset() const { return IDDatabase::get().id2offset(_id); }
 
    private:
        [[nodiscard]] static std::uintptr_t base() { return Module::get().base(); }
 
        std::uint64_t _id{ 0 };
    };
 
    template <class T>
    class Relocation
    {
    public:
        using value_type =
            std::conditional_t<
                std::is_member_pointer_v<T> || std::is_function_v<std::remove_pointer_t<T>>,
                std::decay_t<T>,
                T>;
 
        constexpr Relocation() noexcept = default;
 
        explicit constexpr Relocation(std::uintptr_t a_address) noexcept :
            _impl{ a_address }
        {}
 
        explicit Relocation(Offset a_offset) :
            _impl{ a_offset.address() }
        {}
 
        explicit Relocation(ID a_id) :
            _impl{ a_id.address() }
        {}
 
        explicit Relocation(ID a_id, std::ptrdiff_t a_offset) :
            _impl{ a_id.address() + a_offset }
        {}
 
        constexpr Relocation& operator=(std::uintptr_t a_address) noexcept
        {
            _impl = a_address;
            return *this;
        }
 
        Relocation& operator=(Offset a_offset)
        {
            _impl = a_offset.address();
            return *this;
        }
 
        Relocation& operator=(ID a_id)
        {
            _impl = a_id.address();
            return *this;
        }
 
        template <class U = value_type>
        [[nodiscard]] decltype(auto) operator*() const noexcept  //
            requires(std::is_pointer_v<U>)
        {
            return *get();
        }
 
        template <class U = value_type>
        [[nodiscard]] auto operator->() const noexcept  //
            requires(std::is_pointer_v<U>)
        {
            return get();
        }
 
        template <class... Args>
        std::invoke_result_t<const value_type&, Args...> operator()(Args&&... a_args) const  //
            noexcept(std::is_nothrow_invocable_v<const value_type&, Args...>)                //
            requires(std::invocable<const value_type&, Args...>)
        {
            return REL::invoke(get(), std::forward<Args>(a_args)...);
        }
 
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr std::uintptr_t address() const noexcept { return _impl; }
        [[nodiscard]] std::size_t              offset() const { return _impl - base(); }
 
        [[nodiscard]] value_type get() const  //
            noexcept(std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<value_type>)
        {
            assert(_impl != 0);
            return stl::unrestricted_cast<value_type>(_impl);
        }
 
        template <class U = value_type>
        std::uintptr_t write_vfunc(std::size_t a_idx, std::uintptr_t a_newFunc)  //
            requires(std::same_as<U, std::uintptr_t>)
        {
            const auto addr = address() + (sizeof(void*) * a_idx);
            const auto result = *reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t*>(addr);
            safe_write(addr, a_newFunc);
            return result;
        }
 
        template <class F>
        std::uintptr_t write_vfunc(std::size_t a_idx, F a_newFunc)  //
            requires(std::same_as<value_type, std::uintptr_t>)
        {
            return write_vfunc(a_idx, stl::unrestricted_cast<std::uintptr_t>(a_newFunc));
        }
 
    private :
        // clang-format off
        [[nodiscard]] static std::uintptr_t base() { return Module::get().base(); }
        // clang-format on
 
        std::uintptr_t _impl{ 0 };
    };
 
    namespace detail
    {
        namespace characters
        {
            [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool hexadecimal(char a_ch) noexcept
            {
                return ('0' <= a_ch && a_ch <= '9') ||
                       ('A' <= a_ch && a_ch <= 'F') ||
                       ('a' <= a_ch && a_ch <= 'f');
            }
 
            [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool space(char a_ch) noexcept
            {
                return a_ch == ' ';
            }
 
            [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool wildcard(char a_ch) noexcept
            {
                return a_ch == '?';
            }
        }
 
        namespace rules
        {
            namespace detail
            {
                [[nodiscard]] consteval std::byte hexacharacters_to_hexadecimal(char a_hi, char a_lo) noexcept
                {
                    constexpr auto lut = []() noexcept {
                        std::array<std::uint8_t, std::numeric_limits<unsigned char>::max() + 1> a = {};
 
                        const auto iterate = [&](std::uint8_t a_iFirst, unsigned char a_cFirst, unsigned char a_cLast) noexcept {
                            for (; a_cFirst <= a_cLast; ++a_cFirst, ++a_iFirst) {
                                a[a_cFirst] = a_iFirst;
                            }
                        };
 
                        iterate(0, '0', '9');
                        iterate(0xA, 'A', 'F');
                        iterate(0xa, 'a', 'f');
 
                        return a;
                    }();
 
                    return static_cast<std::byte>(
                        lut[static_cast<unsigned char>(a_hi)] * 0x10u +
                        lut[static_cast<unsigned char>(a_lo)]);
                }
            }
 
            template <char HI, char LO>
            class Hexadecimal
            {
            public:
                [[nodiscard]] static constexpr bool match(std::byte a_byte) noexcept
                {
                    constexpr auto expected = detail::hexacharacters_to_hexadecimal(HI, LO);
                    return a_byte == expected;
                }
            };
 
            static_assert(Hexadecimal<'5', '7'>::match(std::byte{ 0x57 }));
            static_assert(Hexadecimal<'6', '5'>::match(std::byte{ 0x65 }));
            static_assert(Hexadecimal<'B', 'D'>::match(std::byte{ 0xBD }));
            static_assert(Hexadecimal<'1', 'C'>::match(std::byte{ 0x1C }));
            static_assert(Hexadecimal<'F', '2'>::match(std::byte{ 0xF2 }));
            static_assert(Hexadecimal<'9', 'f'>::match(std::byte{ 0x9f }));
 
            static_assert(!Hexadecimal<'D', '4'>::match(std::byte{ 0xF8 }));
            static_assert(!Hexadecimal<'6', '7'>::match(std::byte{ 0xAA }));
            static_assert(!Hexadecimal<'7', '8'>::match(std::byte{ 0xE3 }));
            static_assert(!Hexadecimal<'6', 'E'>::match(std::byte{ 0x61 }));
 
            class Wildcard
            {
            public:
                [[nodiscard]] static constexpr bool match(std::byte) noexcept
                {
                    return true;
                }
            };
 
            static_assert(Wildcard::match(std::byte{ 0xB9 }));
            static_assert(Wildcard::match(std::byte{ 0x96 }));
            static_assert(Wildcard::match(std::byte{ 0x35 }));
            static_assert(Wildcard::match(std::byte{ 0xE4 }));
 
            template <char, char>
            void rule_for() noexcept;
 
            template <char C1, char C2>
            Hexadecimal<C1, C2> rule_for() noexcept
                requires(characters::hexadecimal(C1) && characters::hexadecimal(C2));
 
            template <char C1, char C2>
            Wildcard rule_for() noexcept
                requires(characters::wildcard(C1) && characters::wildcard(C2));
        }
 
        template <class... Rules>
        class PatternMatcher
        {
        public:
            static_assert(sizeof...(Rules) >= 1, "must provide at least 1 rule for the pattern matcher");
 
            [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool match(std::span<const std::byte, sizeof...(Rules)> a_bytes) const noexcept
            {
                std::size_t i = 0;
                return (Rules::match(a_bytes[i++]) && ...);
            }
 
            [[nodiscard]] bool match(std::uintptr_t a_address) const noexcept
            {
                return this->match(*reinterpret_cast<const std::byte(*)[sizeof...(Rules)]>(a_address));
            }
 
            void match_or_fail(std::uintptr_t a_address, std::source_location a_loc = std::source_location::current()) const noexcept
            {
                if (!this->match(a_address)) {
                    const auto version = Module::get().version();
                    stl::report_and_fail(
                        fmt::format(
                            "A pattern has failed to match.\n"
                            "This means the plugin is incompatible with the current version of the game ({}.{}.{}). "
                            "Head to the mod page of this plugin to see if an update is available."sv,
                            version[0],
                            version[1],
                            version[2]),
                        a_loc);
                }
            }
        };
 
        void consteval_error(const char* a_error);
 
        template <stl::nttp::string S, class... Rules>
        [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto do_make_pattern() noexcept
        {
            if constexpr (S.length() == 0) {
                return PatternMatcher<Rules...>();
            } else if constexpr (S.length() == 1) {
                constexpr char c = S[0];
                if constexpr (characters::hexadecimal(c) || characters::wildcard(c)) {
                    consteval_error("the given pattern has an unpaired rule (rules are required to be written in pairs of 2)");
                } else {
                    consteval_error("the given pattern has trailing characters at the end (which is not allowed)");
                }
            } else {
                using rule_t = decltype(rules::rule_for<S[0], S[1]>());
                if constexpr (std::same_as<rule_t, void>) {
                    consteval_error("the given pattern failed to match any known rules");
                } else {
                    if constexpr (S.length() <= 3) {
                        return do_make_pattern<S.template substr<2>(), Rules..., rule_t>();
                    } else if constexpr (characters::space(S[2])) {
                        return do_make_pattern<S.template substr<3>(), Rules..., rule_t>();
                    } else {
                        consteval_error("a space character is required to split byte patterns");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
 
        template <class... Bytes>
        [[nodiscard]] consteval auto make_byte_array(Bytes... a_bytes) noexcept
            -> std::array<std::byte, sizeof...(Bytes)>
        {
            static_assert((std::integral<Bytes> && ...), "all bytes must be an integral type");
            return { static_cast<std::byte>(a_bytes)... };
        }
    }
 
    template <stl::nttp::string S>
    [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto make_pattern() noexcept
    {
        return detail::do_make_pattern<S>();
    }
 
    static_assert(make_pattern<"40 10 F2 ??">().match(
        detail::make_byte_array(0x40, 0x10, 0xF2, 0x41)));
    static_assert(make_pattern<"B8 D0 ?? ?? D4 6E">().match(
        detail::make_byte_array(0xB8, 0xD0, 0x35, 0x2A, 0xD4, 0x6E)));
}
 
#undef REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE
#undef REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE_HELPER
#undef REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_NON_POD_TYPE_HELPER_IMPL
 
#undef REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE
#undef REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE_HELPER
#undef REL_MAKE_MEMBER_FUNCTION_POD_TYPE_HELPER_IMPL